-1904 – Chile and Bolivia sign the Treaty of Peace and Friendship, delimiting the border between the two countries.
– 1935 – The Long March, a mammoth retreat undertaken by the armed forces of the Chinese Communist Party a year prior, ends.
– 1941 – World War II: Thousands of civilians in German-occupied Serbia are murdered in the Kragujevac massacre.
– 1944 – Liquefied natural gas leaks from storage tanks in Cleveland and then explodes, leveling 30 blocks and killing 130 people.
– 1947 – The House Un-American Activities Committee begins its investigation into Communist infiltration of the Hollywood film industry, resulting in a blacklist that prevents some from working in the industry for years.
– 1952 – The Governor of Kenya declares a state of emergency and begins arresting hundreds of suspected leaders of the Mau Mau Uprising.
– 1961 – The Soviet Union performs the first armed test of a submarine- launched ballistic missile, launching an R-13 from a Golfclass submarine.
– 1962 – China launches simultaneous offensives in Ladakh and across the McMahon Line, igniting the Sino-Indian War.
– 1973 – The Sydney Opera House is opened by Elizabeth II after 14 years of construction.
– 1991 – A 6.8 Mw earthquake strikes the Uttarkashi region of India, killing more than 1,000 people.
